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Indirect Coombs Test

Indirect Coombs Test

The intrinsic factor antibody test is a vital diagnostic tool used to detect antibodies against intrinsic factor, a protein essential for vitamin B12 absorption. Produced by the stomach's parietal cells, intrinsic factor binds with vitamin B12, facilitating its absorption in the small intestine. A deficiency in intrinsic factor can lead to pernicious anemia, a condition marked by vitamin B12 deficiency, resulting in symptoms like fatigue, dizziness, and muscle weakness. The test identifies two types of antibodies: Type 1, which blocks vitamin B12 binding, and Type 2, which prevents absorption. Conducted via a blood sample, the test requires fasting and consideration of recent vitamin B12 injections or medications. Results are measured in antibody units per milliliter, with positive results indicating potential pernicious anemia. While a positive test supports this diagnosis, a negative result doesn't rule it out, necessitating further testing. Treatment typically involves vitamin B12 supplementation to manage symptoms and improve health.

Price of test:£83

The lowest price from the last 30 days: £83

Awaiting result:

One day

Collect material:

Blood

Prepare:

Learn more

Purpose of the test

The intrinsic factor antibody test is vital for diagnosing pernicious anemia, a condition caused by vitamin B12 deficiency due to inadequate intrinsic factor. Key points include:

- Intrinsic Factor Role: Binds vitamin B12 for absorption in the ileum.
- Pernicious Anemia: Results from lack of intrinsic factor or blocking antibodies.
- Antibody Types:
- Type 1: Blocks vitamin B12 binding.
- Type 2: Prevents complex attachment.
- Test Preparation:
- Fast for 8 hours.
- Delay test post-vitamin B12 injection.
- Disclose all medications.
- Results Interpretation:
- Negative: <1.20 AU/mL.
- Equivocal: 1.21-1.52 AU/mL.
- Positive: >1.53 AU/mL.

Who Should Get Tested

The indirect Coombs test is essential in immunohematology for detecting antibodies against red blood cells (RBCs) in plasma. It ensures blood compatibility during transfusions and identifies potential pregnancy complications. Key uses include:

- Blood Transfusion Preparation: Screens recipient plasma for antibodies, ensuring donor blood compatibility.
- Prenatal Testing: Detects antibodies that may cause hemolytic disease of the newborn.
- Antibody Identification: Identifies specific alloantibodies and their concentrations.
- Compatibility Testing: Crucial for cross-matching blood, reducing adverse reactions.

This test is vital for preventing hemolytic reactions and managing pregnancy complications.

Blood Test Preparation Guidelines

Time of day

It is recommended to schedule your appointment for blood tests in the morning hours between 7:00-10:00.

Fasting

It is recommended to fast for approximately 12 hours before blood sampling. The last meal of the previous day should ideally be consumed around 6:00 p.m. On the day before the test, avoid heavy and fatty meals as well as alcohol.

Stay hydrated

Drinking water prior to testing can help with sample collection.

Other factors

Tests should not be performed after a sleepless night or intense physical activity. It is recommended to avoid exercise and stress immediately before blood collection and to not smoke. A short rest is recommended.

Medications and supplements:

Blood samples should be collected before the morning dose. Some drugs can interfere with test results. Consult with your doctor whether you can delay your dose because of lab tests.

Biotin supplements:

High doses of biotin supplements can affect test results, causing false elevation or reduction. It's recommended to avoid taking biotin for at least 72 hours before blood collection. If you are taking biotin, inform the personnel collecting the blood so that they can provide specific instructions.

Interpreting Test Results

Understanding test results is crucial for diagnosing conditions like pernicious anemia. The intrinsic factor antibody test measures antibodies against intrinsic factor, essential for vitamin B12 absorption. Results are reported in AU/mL:

- Less than 1.20 AU/mL: Negative
- 1.21 to 1.52 AU/mL: Equivocal
- Greater than 1.53 AU/mL: Positive

A positive result suggests pernicious anemia, but a negative result doesn't rule it out. Further tests may be needed. Understanding these results helps guide effective treatment and management.

Price of test:£83

The lowest price from the last 30 days: £83

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