Lithium

The Liver-Kidney Microsome (LKM) antibody test is an essential diagnostic tool for assessing liver diseases of unknown origin, particularly autoimmune hepatitis type 2 (AIH-2). This test identifies antibodies against liver and kidney microsomal proteins, crucial for drug and substance metabolism. Primarily, it aids in differentiating autoimmune liver diseases, especially AIH-2, a rare chronic liver condition affecting mainly children and young adults, with a higher prevalence in females. The test employs indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA) techniques or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to detect LKM antibodies. A positive result, especially for LKM-1 antibodies, strongly suggests AIH-2, characterized by elevated liver enzymes and increased IgG levels. However, LKM antibodies can also appear in chronic hepatitis C virus infections, necessitating careful interpretation alongside other autoantibodies. While valuable, the LKM antibody test should be part of a broader diagnostic approach, considering its limitations and potential for false positives.

Price of test:£94

The lowest price from the last 30 days: £94

Awaiting result:

One day

Collect material:

Blood

Prepare:

Learn more

Purpose of the test

The Liver-Kidney Microsome (LKM) antibody test is essential for diagnosing autoimmune liver diseases, particularly autoimmune hepatitis type 2 (AIH-2). It helps differentiate between autoimmune and non-autoimmune liver dysfunction.

- Purpose: Diagnose AIH-2, especially in children and young adults.
- Methodology: Uses IFA or ELISA techniques to detect LKM antibodies.
- Interpretation: Positive results suggest AIH-2; consider other conditions like chronic HCV.
- Clinical Significance: Indicates serious disease progression, often in females.
- Limitations: Should be used with other tests for accurate diagnosis.

Who Should Get Tested

The lithium blood test is vital for those on lithium therapy, primarily for bipolar disorder. It ensures lithium levels remain within the therapeutic range of 0.6 to 1.2 mEq/L, preventing toxicity. Regular monitoring is crucial, especially early in treatment. Symptoms like agitation or severe mood swings may prompt testing. Additional tests might include:

- Urinalysis
- Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN)
- Creatinine
- Thyroid Function Tests

Timing and factors like dehydration can affect results. Keeping a lithium level diary aids in effective dosage adjustments, ensuring optimal treatment outcomes.

Blood Test Preparation Guidelines

Time of day

It is recommended to schedule your appointment for blood tests in the morning hours between 7:00-10:00.

Fasting

It is recommended to fast for approximately 12 hours before blood sampling. The last meal of the previous day should ideally be consumed around 6:00 p.m. On the day before the test, avoid heavy and fatty meals as well as alcohol.

Stay hydrated

Drinking water prior to testing can help with sample collection.

Other factors

Tests should not be performed after a sleepless night or intense physical activity. It is recommended to avoid exercise and stress immediately before blood collection and to not smoke. A short rest is recommended.

Medications and supplements:

Blood samples should be collected before the morning dose. Some drugs can interfere with test results. Consult with your doctor whether you can delay your dose because of lab tests.

Biotin supplements:

High doses of biotin supplements can affect test results, causing false elevation or reduction. It's recommended to avoid taking biotin for at least 72 hours before blood collection. If you are taking biotin, inform the personnel collecting the blood so that they can provide specific instructions.

Interpreting Test Results

Understanding test results for the Liver-Kidney Microsome (LKM) antibody test involves several key points:

- Positive Result: Indicates presence of LKM antibodies, suggesting autoimmune hepatitis type 2 (AIH-2).
- Antibody Types: LKM-1 is most significant for AIH-2 diagnosis.
- Clinical Context: Consider other autoantibodies and clinical findings.
- False Positives: Possible in chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection.
- Patient Demographics: AIH-2 often affects young females.
- Comprehensive Evaluation: Essential for accurate diagnosis and treatment planning.

Price of test:£94

The lowest price from the last 30 days: £94

AI-Powered Insights and Expert Validation

Advanced AI Interpretation

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At the core of Diagu's AI system is an advanced language model, engineered to transform complex medical data into clear, comprehensible, and informative descriptions. This model is adept at articulating detailed test analyses in a way that is accessible to both healthcare professionals and patients. The model's development involved the meticulous processing of high-quality sources, including reputable medical websites, renowned medical textbooks, and peer-reviewed research papers. This ensures that the language used in test descriptions is not only accurate and informative but also up-to-date with the latest medical findings and trends. By leveraging this rich tapestry of trusted sources, our AI system provides a deeper understanding of each test, fostering informed decision-making and enhanced patient care.

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