The urea and electrolytes (U&E) blood test is essential for assessing kidney function and the body's balance of key minerals. It measures levels of urea, a waste product, and electrolytes like sodium, potassium, and chloride. Abnormal urea or electrolyte levels may indicate kidney disease, dehydration, heart problems, or other health conditions. By tracking these values, healthcare providers can monitor kidney health, hydration, and overall metabolic balance. Early detection of imbalances through a U&E test can prevent more serious complications, making it an important tool in regular health monitoring.

The serum urea level is a blood test used to assess kidney function and the body’s ability to filter waste. High levels of urea, or uremia, often suggest impaired kidney function, dehydration, or other conditions affecting the kidneys. Conversely, low urea levels may be due to liver disease, malnutrition, or excessive hydration. Monitoring urea levels can help detect early signs of kidney disease or other health issues. It’s essential to interpret these results in conjunction with other tests like creatinine to get a full picture of kidney health.

The ALT (alanine aminotransferase) blood test measures liver enzyme levels, helping to assess liver function. Typically, high ALT levels are a marker of liver damage, but low ALT levels may also have significance. Low ALT levels are usually not concerning and can be a normal finding. However, they might indicate certain conditions, such as vitamin B6 deficiency or chronic liver disease in rare cases. In older adults or those with certain metabolic disorders, low ALT levels can also reflect declining liver function. Consulting with a healthcare provider is important for proper interpretation based on overall health.

The eGFR (estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate) blood test is a critical indicator of kidney function. It estimates how well your kidneys filter waste from your blood. Results are calculated using your creatinine levels, age, gender, and race. A normal eGFR is typically above 90, while lower values can indicate declining kidney function. For example, eGFR between 60-89 may signal early kidney disease, and values below 60 could indicate more severe damage. Understanding your eGFR is essential for monitoring kidney health, especially for individuals with conditions like diabetes or high blood pressure, which can lead to chronic kidney disease.