Ferritin is a protein that stores iron in your body, and its levels in the blood reflect your overall iron stores. Low ferritin levels typically indicate iron deficiency, which can lead to anemia, causing fatigue, weakness, and pale skin. High ferritin levels may suggest iron overload conditions like hemochromatosis or chronic inflammation. Both low and high levels can have serious health implications, making it important to monitor ferritin through regular blood tests. If your ferritin levels are abnormal, your doctor may recommend further testing to determine the cause and appropriate treatment.

A Thyroid Function Test (TFT) measures how well your thyroid is working by analyzing hormone levels in your blood. The key components tested are Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH), Total or Free Thyroxine (T4), and Total or Free Triiodothyronine (T3). TSH regulates thyroid activity, while T3 and T4 are hormones produced by the thyroid that control metabolism. Abnormal results can indicate conditions such as hypothyroidism (low thyroid function) or hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid). During the test, a simple blood sample is taken, and results guide doctors in diagnosing and managing thyroid disorders.

HbA1c is a blood test that measures your average blood sugar levels over the past two to three months. In non-diabetics, HbA1c levels are typically below 5.7%. Higher levels, between 5.7% and 6.4%, may indicate prediabetes, a condition that increases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. A level above 6.5% is used to diagnose diabetes. Even in non-diabetics, elevated HbA1c may signal a need for lifestyle changes to avoid future health issues. If your levels are high, seek medical advice to discuss possible risks and next steps.

A high level of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in the blood can indicate a range of conditions, primarily related to the liver, bones, or bile ducts. ALP is an enzyme found in several tissues, and elevated levels often point to liver disease, such as hepatitis or bile duct obstruction, or bone disorders, like Paget’s disease or osteomalacia. To determine the exact cause, further testing may be required, including liver function tests or bone imaging studies. Treating the underlying condition is key to managing high ALP levels.