The albumin blood test measures the amount of albumin, a protein made by the liver, in your blood. It plays a vital role in maintaining fluid balance and transporting essential substances like hormones and vitamins. Low albumin levels may indicate liver disease, kidney problems, or malnutrition, while normal levels typically range from 3.4 to 5.4 g/dL. The test helps assess liver function by checking how well the liver is producing proteins and kidney health by identifying whether proteins are being lost in the urine, a sign of kidney disease.

CRP (C-reactive protein) and ESR (Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate) are both blood tests used to detect inflammation, but they differ in precision and timing. CRP measures the level of C-reactive protein in the blood, rising quickly in response to acute inflammation, such as from infections or injuries. ESR tracks how quickly red blood cells settle in a tube, indicating inflammation over a longer period. While CRP responds faster to inflammation, ESR offers a broader view of chronic conditions. CRP is preferred for detecting acute conditions, while ESR is more commonly used for monitoring long-term inflammation.

The Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) is a blood test that measures how quickly red blood cells settle at the bottom of a test tube. A faster-than-normal rate may indicate inflammation in the body, which can be associated with conditions like infections, autoimmune disorders, and certain cancers. A high ESR result suggests the presence of inflammation but doesn’t pinpoint the specific cause. Therefore, the ESR test is often used alongside other tests to diagnose and monitor inflammatory conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis or lupus, and to track the effectiveness of treatments.

The INR (International Normalized Ratio) blood test is used to assess how long it takes for your blood to clot. It's crucial for people taking blood-thinning medications like warfarin, as it ensures that their blood clots properly—neither too quickly nor too slowly. A normal INR for someone not on anticoagulants is 0.8 to 1.2. For those on blood thinners, the target range is typically between 2.0 and 3.0. Abnormal results can indicate an increased risk of bleeding (high INR) or clot formation (low INR), making regular monitoring essential for managing conditions like atrial fibrillation and deep vein thrombosis.